The French Revolution A Period Of Social And Political...

Spencer Gray Mrs. Scharfeld Period 11 28 August 2015 The French Revolution The French Revolution was a period of social and political turmoil in the late 1700s that caused thousands of deaths in France. Important political leaders, such as Philippe Égalità ©, Marie Antoinette, Madame Roland, and even King Louis XVI, and his son, Louis XVII, were killed during the Reign of Terror from 1793-1794 . The revolution looked like it was a failure after Napoleon took power in 1815, but later in French history a second republic was established, and the feudal system in France was over. Many factors, including financial crisis, the bourgeoisie, the Enlightenment, and France’s ineffective ruler contributed to the bloody revolution in France from 1789 to 1799. The French Revolution was fueled mainly by the Enlightenment, a movement that promoted new ways of thinking and new forms of government, caused many people in France to question the monarchy and how they ruled. John Locke’s â€Å"Two Treatises of Government† (1690) introduced the idea that the people had a right to overthrow the monarch; Rousseau’s theory of direct democracy also helped kindle the French Revolution. Another factor that contributed to the French Revolution was the fact that the relatively new King Louis XVI had little experience and came to power when the state was close to bankrupt. The middle class (called the bourgeoisie) was also unhappy with the taxes put on certain products, as they had to pay more taxes than theShow MoreRelated Resurrection and Rebirth in A Tale of Two Cities Essay examples1392 Words   |  6 Pagessacrifice and the setting of the French Revolution have anything to do with one another? Why is this the time and place of the novel? Brief Historical Background The novel, A Tale of Two Cities, takes place during the onset of the French Revolution, which shook the Western world with its violence and new ideas on freedom and the aristocracy. It was a period of major political and social change in the political history of both France and Europe during which the French governmental structure took onRead MoreRevolutions: The Road to Independence Essay877 Words   |  4 PagesRevolution is a significant change of control or authority within a governmental setting. Most Revolutions are caused by political, social, and economic disputes. Consequently, the common matter for the American, French, and Latin America revolutions emerged to gain their own independence. In North America, the colonists put emphasis on their independence from Great Britain and established a new republic. 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The revolution in Haiti involved the popular uprising of a repressed social group. Also, it proved to be the great exception in the Latin American drive for Liberty from European masters. Usually, the Creole elite, who were the merchants, landowners, and professional people of Spanish descentRead Morefactors that contributed to the rise and development of sociology1511 Words   |  7 Pagesis based on political, economic, demographic, social and scientific change s. Ritzer (2008) asserts that the immediate cause for the beginning of sociology were political unrests especially the French Revolution that took over from the eighteenth century to the nineteenth century. The turmoil of the French Revolution spread throughout Europe and other nations. Kornblum (2008) suggests that the political upheavals were associated with tremendous social changes. The political revolutions demolishedRead MoreCharles Dickens A Tale Of Two Cities1573 Words   |  7 PagesThe French Revolution is frequently referred to as one of the bloodiest time periods in history, being branded as an event that would evidently spawn ideals that were barely indulged in before and were built primarily on equality. The historical premise presented within Dickens’ A Tale of Two Cities introduces similarities between the Revolutionaries he created, and of the prominence of the French Revolution, as well as the Revolution itself; however, its representation of figures as well as societyRead MoreCharles Dickens A Tale Of Two Cities1573 Words   |  7 PagesThe French Revolution is frequently referred to as one of the bloodiest time periods in history, being branded as an event that would evidently spawn ideals that were barely indulged in before and were built primarily on equality. The historical premise presented within Dickens’ A Tale of Two Cities introduces similarities between the Revolutionaries he created, and of the prominence of the French Revolution, as well as the Revolution itself; however, its representation of figures as well as society

Movie Report Mad Men Essay - 997 Words

For this assignment, I observed and interviewed my roommate Danielle on September 22, 2016 with her permission. The following is a compilation of data that was collected after observing my roommate watch the episode and then her recall of what she had just observed. The episode that was used for the study was Mad Men: Season 4: Episode 8. I sat down and observed this episode by myself earlier that morning and Danielle watched it that evening. During the time I was viewing the episode, I wrote down key plot, strong emotions, and anything that stood out to me in order to ask these questions later. It was around 7pm by the time my roommate and I had finally sat down to watch the Mad Men episode. I believe it is important to note that we had both recently come off of a long day filled with classes and homework. As the opening credits of the tv episode began to role, Danielle had already picked up her phone and began scrolling through various social medias like Facebook, Twitter, and Ins tagram. Once the show officially started she put her phone down and seemed to be actively engaged with what was happening for the next ten minutes. I caught her looking out the window briefly and then glanced at her phone. This lasted a total of three minutes, but then it was back to the show for majority of the time left. In the last ten minutes of the episode, she did briefly get up to get water, this task took her away from the screen for approximately two minutes. However, our kitchenetteShow MoreRelatedThe Incident at Rosewood Report1112 Words   |  4 Pages Sam Carter, for help. The posse came to the Carrier house and tried to take Aaron, Sylvester Carrier was confronted and told to leave town. Sam Carter’s body was found on the road. Some white men went to Sylvester Carrier’s house to confront him. A shootout began. Two white men were killed. The white men went to get more ammo. While they were gone, women children hid in the forests and swamps. The next day, whites entered the Carrier house to find Sylvester Carrier and his mother dead. â€Å"BlackRead MoreThe Rosewood Films Depictions of the Rosewood Massacre1023 Words   |  4 Pagesof African American history, John Singleton decided to create a motion picture based on the Rosewood events. The movie displays the town that was filled with racial prejudice. It shows the many injustice attacks on the African American community. John Singleton did an exceptional job bringing the horrific racist events of 1923 in Rosewood, Florida to the eyes of billions. In the movie, a fictional hero was created. His name was Mr. Mann. Mann helped save many blacks that had no idea as to what theyRead MoreThe Proposal  ¬Ã¢Ë†  Directed By Anne Fletcher Essay1154 Words   |  5 Pagesmovies, The Proposal ¸ directed by Anne Fletcher, is a drama/romance that illustrates â€Å"two people who weren’t meant to fall in love† (Lieberman, 2009). The following movie trailer assists in outlining the storyline of the movie and how a series of unforeseen events can change animosity into romantic love. From the beginning of the movie, Andrew and Margaret had a work relationship that embodied intimacy. Intimacy, as defined by Kyle Hill, is â€Å"[f]eelings of attachment, closeness, typified by sharingRead MoreThe Logical Fallacies875 Words   |  4 PagesWhat are logical fallacies, evidence, and error in misconceptions? The report will identify nine logical fallacies. If all evidence in an argument appears to be true, still the disputation may be invalid if the logic utilized is not sanctioned (â€Å"Logical Fallacies,† 2014). Another name for it is called logical error, in philosophy. There are many fallacies to be aware of when making a sound argument. The nine logical fallacies are Mere assertion/Circular reasoning/Ad hominem, Red herring/Pseudo-questions/FalseRead MoreEssay on Pornography1735 Words   |  7 Pageswar with the people back then and still is to this day. These Videos are rented or sold in most adult bookstores and have become a growth Industry for porno graphy. People who would never go into an adult bookstore or Theater to watch a pornographic movie will obtain these videocassettes through Bookstores or in the mail and watch them in the privacy of their homes. Usually these videos display a high degree of hard-core pornography and illegal acts. Many of these so-called hard R rated films wouldRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The Great Gatsby 1597 Words   |  7 PagesAt the end of the movie â€Å"The Great Gatsby†, Leonardo DiCaprio asks, â€Å"To live as a monster or die as a good man†? That is a tough question, especially for a female at early 19th country. The Yellow Wallpaper, by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, depicts the miserable life of females under the power of Chauvinism. The narrator and her husband John rent a beautiful house faraway from city. The narrator suffers from what her husband believes a â€Å"temporary nervous depression†. She feels uncomfortable with everythingRead More The Many Eccentricitie s of Kim Jong Il Essay1531 Words   |  7 Pagesscattered throughout North Korea, located near land features like mountain ranges and oceans or near symbols of the regime, such as labor camps and a plutonium enrichment facility. In these citadels Il’s full collection of no less than twenty thousand movie titles were housed. His favorite movies included Rambo and Godzilla, and almost all of the films were spread by the Western media from which Il voraciously guarded his people. He was infatuated with Elizabeth Taylor and was not without a single oneRead MoreTreatment For A City Rarely Snow977 Words   |  4 PagesTreatment for A city rarely snow I. Authors : Yuyi Chen Genre: Noir fiction Title: â€Å"a City rarely snow† Contact information: yuyic@uci.edu II. Background: The idea of this movie comes form several noir film in the 1940s and 1950s about how a femme fatale tries to kill her husband. The screenwriter is a student in University of California, Irvine who has studying Noir film for several months. The protagonist, is a freelancer journalist, is influence by the several films such as L.A ConfidentialRead MoreAccidental Death of an Anarchist1225 Words   |  5 Pagessarcastically rebukes the â€Å"kindergarten logic†. The people in power appear to be inhuman and brute in their actions, and the â€Å"sacred† governmental place, the police station appears to be a madhouse or a slaughterhouse. The madman, even though he is mad appears to be the sanest character in the play. In fact, he appears to be directing the play according to his wishes. Suffering from a disease of enacting people, he sees the world as a stage and other people as his fellow characters. He warns BertozzoRead MoreMarketing Research and Promotional Message: Baby Boomers Essay754 Words   |  4 Pagesresponsibilities with a sense not just of duty, but of ambition and even joy† (Marketresearch.com, 2014). Baby boomers have turned shopping into a social and leisure experience. Shopping trips are events centered on enjoyment. Shopping avenues that incorporate movie theaters, ice rinks, gyms, and other leisure actives are viewed by baby boomers as, not the place for them. They see these multi-purpose shopping centers as places for a younger crowd, and prefer to view shopping itself as the leisure activity (Meyers

Final Exam Hrdv 5700 Free Essays

Final Exam HRDV 5700 Career Management Recommendation 1. Executive Summary A brief summary of your recommendation and key points 2. Recommendation I am recommending a restructuring of employee mentorship and incentive programs to increase employee morale and decrease turnover. We will write a custom essay sample on Final Exam Hrdv 5700 or any similar topic only for you Order Now a) Mandatory Employee Goal Statements b) Upper Management Mentorship Twice a Quarter Upper Management team members will provide employees with Goal feedback and assessment * Twice a Quarter Mini Management Training Seminars c) Goal Completion Incentive Packages for Sales Team Members * Sales workers will receive predetermined incentives for meeting company sales goals d) Employee Commitment Bonus for Hourly Employees * Predetermined completion incentives will be set to encourage superior employee practices. Ie 90 days of time arrival will earn you an extra hour of lunch breaks, which can be saved to total up to one full day off then the record, will restart. . Justification This recommendation is being offered due employee evaluations that overwhelming viewed employer involvement in career management as almost non-existent. e) Employee Evaluations * Employees were interviewed and asked a standard set of questions to determine their view on employee Career Management. 4. Background f ) History of the Issue: * Blanks Family Paper Company: midsize paper company located in the Midwest. * Current Employee Career Management Practices: None * Current Rational: Work and Get Paid Only Feature Article Fin 486 Final Exam Current Basis for hourly employees is work 40 hours and get paid for 40 with no incentives. Current incentive for sale worker: 8% of sales. With no sales incentives. g) Symptoms vs. Causes: * Blanks Family Paper Company current increased turnover from 2010 to 2011, increase in HR Complaints, overall moral is all what have called a need for Employee Career Management standards. * Increased turnover, and decrease in sales have been the major sparks for change. * After interviews, employee surveys, and irrefutable turnover percentage have all been used to gauge this need for change. ) Cost Implications: * Cost and Benefit Statement * What are the annualized costs and benefits? * Do the benefits outweigh the costs? * What will be the impact on the HR budget? i) Legal Implications: * There are no foreseen legal implications. But all newly implement practices will be evaluated annually by an outside law firm to check for any discrepancies. j) Relationship Implications: * The employees have voiced their concerns thoroughly and responding positively to all suggest forms of Career Management Reform. Supervisors and Managers should be ready and willing to implement these changes. Implementations of the new changes will prove to be beneficial to all employees. Increased company moral is always a positive * These changes will have a positive effect on retention and recruiting. Employees will be willing to stay at a company who values more than the time on the clock but also the lives that are developing. Furthermore, increased company moral and proven healthy and positive Employee Career Management Program will be an huge selling point in company recruitment. It is a major seller of college graduates who desire a career and not just a job. * Outside critics should likely be impressed by our company’s new direction and involvement in the wellbeing of our employees. * Will it impact recruiting and retention. k) Other company practices: * Solutions for Boosting Moral According to Forbes. com: a) Greenbacks are nice, of course, but barring those, Nelson discovered that most employees crave communication, involvement and autonomy. While a hearty pat on the back always feels good, extra attention and sense of ownership feel even better. ) â€Å"Every employee should be given the chance to determine how best to do their jobs, as well as increased authority and leeway in the handling of company resources,† says Nelson. c) Arbill, a Philadelphia-based workplace-safety consultancy, takes that observation to heart. The company boosts morale by giving the troops more responsibility. â€Å"We created employee committees to do things lik e set up a health fair, a food co-op and other [projects],† says chief executive Julie Copeland. d) But the extra work doesn’t just make people feel good. Watching how employees manage these committees helps us create a great bench of leaders for the company,† says Copeland. e) Taking an interest in your employees also means investing in their future. That’s why training and development opportunities are energizing perks. Check out the local community colleges and university-extension departments for affordable classes, and foot part or all of the tuition for eager employees. f) Company picnics? Chuck them. Employees don’t care–in fact, they find them a burden. Better to grant the flexibility for personal time to handle family obligations. Four-day work weeks are becoming popular (though they come with their own  complications). If possible, consider letting people work from home one day a week–with gas at $4 a gallon, that savings will feel a like a holiday bonus. * Solutions for Battling Employee Turnover According to NFIB. com a) Surveys Employee satisfaction surveys can get to the root of workplace dissatisfaction. You might find that some people are leaving for better pay or benefits, whereas others feel they haven’t received sufficient training. Surveys set an expectation that management will act on the findings, so be sure to publish a follow-up plan of action afterwards. b) Happiness Assessments Mary Miller, CEO of janitorial services company JANCOA, says annual turnover at her company used to be over 360%. â€Å"Come 5 o’clock every day we were trying to figure out how we were going to get buildings cleaned,† she recalls. But Miller found that addressing employees’ happiness outside of the workplace trumped other methods for improving retention at her Cincinnati-based company. She started holding group conversations with employees to discuss what problems they faced in their personal lives—and what would make them happier overall. The company created a program called Dream Manager, whereby teams use creative ways to help employees achieve their dreams. In one case, two workers temporarily swapped schedules so that one could take a music production class. â€Å"Studies show that turnover rarely has anything to do with money,† Miller says. Through this program, Miller says she’s lowered the turnover rate to 45%. c) Hiring Practices â€Å"Most companies don’t track their quality of hire,† says Quinn. They fail to examine retention among their best people, and so they don’t determine why their top performers are leaving. Revisit your employee selection process. Maybe conducting better interviews could weed out people who aren’t a good fit. Miller says she avoids hiring people who are concerned solely with money or don’t have any future vision for themselves. d) Consultants An outside consultant may help get more honest responses from employees and uncover blind spots in your practices. They may do on-site interviews to get to the source of dissatisfaction, and then propose solutions. They’ll also review human resources data such as exit interviews and performance metrics to look for areas for improvement. 5. Timing: * These implementations can be presented and started almost immediately. However, I would Sales Employees a month to make any adjustments to their sales tactics that they deem necessary. 6. Evaluation of Alternatives * Alternative: Keeping the Current Employee Career Management as is. * Advantages: * No new investments will have to be made. * Employees will not have to restructure their current method of work * Disadvantages The very obvious dissatisfaction from employees will have not been address * Turnover will also not be addressed and will continue to be an issue and a non-selling point for recruitment. 7. Implementation * Specific Actions to be Taken and Time Table: * Complete Analysis of Verbal Surveys: 1 Month * Management Training for Mini-Management Training Seminars: 2 Months * Introduction of New Career Management Program to Hourly Workers and Sales Team: 1 Staff Meeting * Begin New Program: 1 Month after Introduction 8. Appendices (samples of forms used) How to cite Final Exam Hrdv 5700, Essay examples

Economic Principles And Decision Making Bureau of Economic Research

Question: Discuss about the Economic Principles And Decision Making for Bureau of Economic Research. Answer: Introduction This particular report has significantly addressed the economic aspects of market prevailing in the Australian economy with a clear determination of labour market tradition in life as well as society. A clear description regarding the market variation among the different application regarding the strategy has been portrayed in this particular report. Measurable discussion regarding the overall traditions considering the supply as well as demand has been generated so as to understand the economic specification. The aspects of considering the regression analysis have significantly addressed the overall perception of the market that has enhanced the reflective purpose of determining the total profitability. Thus, the formulation of continuing the operations has generated through the concept in delivering the application of developing the structure of the market. Thus, the consideration of judging the revenue of the Australian economy a mere regression analysis has been ascertained. In t his case the significant characteristics are generated to assess the viability of the nominal as well as the real wages in order assess the interrelationship with the other economy that are expressing their existence for securing better approach in the world economy. Discussion upon traditional supply and demand The possibility that costs are needy somehow on interest and supply is exceptionally old. Much sooner than the advancement of hypothetical financial aspects, it was comprehended that a substantial supply would bring about a fall in cost and a vast interest would bring about an ascent in cost. A decent arrangement of monetary hypothesis spins around the illumination and measurement of this basic thought. Adam Smith recognized precisely among interest and crave and characterized viable request basically as the amount that would be acquired at a given cost. In the event that the cost in the business sector were over the regular cost for a given product, there would be abnormal motivating forces to create this item and put up it for selling to the public, and the amount offered available to be purchased would increment (Kennedy, et al., 2014). In the event that the sum going onto the business sector was bigger than the viable interest, that is, the sum removed the business sector, the cost would fall. Likewise, if the cost in the business sector were underneath the normal cost, there would be a decreased motivating force to create the item and sold to the respective public in order to avoid business for decaying, and on the off chance that this were not exactly the viable interest, the cost would rise. A significant part of the improvement of the hypothesis of interest and supply since Adam Smith can be viewed as an illumination and elaboration of the basic rule that he articulated. Capacities and bends The following real improvement in the hypothesis of interest and supply was the advancement of the idea of interest and supply capacities and bends, related primarily with the name of Alfred Marshall, in spite of the fact that a Scottish financial specialist, Fleming Jenkin, is typically credited with the primary plan of these ideas. In its most straightforward structure the interest capacity is a capacity relating the amount requested to the cost of the ware. The supply work correspondingly relates the amount supplied to the cost. At the point when just these two variables are included, the capacities can be communicated as interest and supply bends in a two-dimensional chart, as in Diagram 1. The amount of the product requested or supplied is measured along the level hub and the cost is measured along the vertical pivot. DD' is the interest bend; SS' is the supply bend. Diagram 1 demonstrates the most run of the mill types of these bends. On account of interest, there is some value OD at which nothing will be purchased by any stretch of the imagination. At a zero value, a limited amount OD' will be purchased; this speaks to the point of satiation. The supply bend is drawn so that there is some value OS underneath which nothing will be offered or more, which, as the value rises, a bigger amount will be supplied (Austin, et al., 2014). For some reasons it is advantageous to portray the interest and supply bends regarding parameters, that is, an arrangement of numbers that is adequate to recognize every point on them. The least difficult presumption is that of linearity, that will be, that the interest and supply bends are straight lines. For this situation, the conditions might be composed: (1) qd= d + edpd, (2) qs= s + esps, where qa is the amount requested, q3 is the amount supplied, pd is the cost at which every amount is requested, and p3 is the cost at which every amount is supplied. Every bend or capacity can then be depicted by just two parameters. On account of interest, d measures the aspects that can be known as the aspects of the interest and is equivalent to OD in Diagram 1; ed might be known as the total versatility of interest, which in Diagram 1 is negative. It quantifies the supreme change in the amount requested, which would come about because of a unit change in the cost. In Diagram 1 the slant or the slope of the bend DD anytime is the "inelasticity," l/ed. Correspondingly the parameter s, equivalent to OS in Diagram 1, is a measure of the stature or degree of the supply. The parameter 1/es are the outright flexibility of supply, which measures the adjustment in the amount supplied for every unit change in the cost. Once more, l/es speak to the incline of the bend SS. Flexibility The term flexibility was brought into monetary investigation by Alfred Marshall, the similarity being the versatility of a spring. In a flexible spring, a given increment in the weight applied produces a substantial increment in the length of the spring; correspondingly, if either request or supply is versatile, a given increment in the cost creates an expansive increment in the amount requested or supplied. Another name that may be given to this idea is responsiveness, the amount requested or supplied being considered as reacting pretty much excitedly to an adjustment in the cost. Marshall himself did not utilize the total flexibility idea but rather an idea of relative versatility, characterized as the proportionate change in amount separated by the proportionate change in the cost, or: (3) = dq/q dp It obviously did this since it is a dimensionless parameter, that is, a number that is free regarding the overall units according to which the total cost has been measured. An interest or supply bend of consistent relative versatility would be a straight line on twofold logarithmic paper. There is no motivation to assume indeed, in any case, that these capacities will probably be logarithmic than direct in outright terms, and for some reasons the supreme ideas are ideal. A logarithmic methodology has decided straight request bend with steady relative versatility, for occurrence, would not meet either hub in Diagram 1, suggesting that the cost would need to be limitless before cutting off buys mostly and that at a zero value a vast amount would be taken. This obviously is silly. Practically speaking, more than two parameters are regularly expected to depict request and supply capacities, yet there are just a couple of issues in which the takeoff from linearity appears to have financia l importance. In any case, it is sensible to assume that there are inevitable impediments on expanding the amount supplied that cannot be overcome by an ascent in value, so that the supply bend will turn out to be less versatile at high costs, as in Diagram 1. It is conceivable likewise that a comparative condition applies to request. The easiest condition that can be utilized to express this condition is a quadratic structure. The balance position of the arrangement of Diagram 1 is thought to be the point P, where the interest and supply bends meet, and where PN is the balance cost and ON is the harmony amount. Any balance, in any case, must be seen as an exceptional instance of a dynamic framework, and for this situation, there are no less than two distinctive element frameworks that have this purpose of harmony. The initially, related especially with Adam Smith and Alfred Marshall, is that in which the distinction between the interest cost and the supply value, prompting changes in amount supplied, is the primary spurring component of the dynamic framework. The interest cost of a given amount is that cost at which the amount can be sold in the business sector; in this way a point on the interest bend, for example, D1, shows that the amount OQ1 can be sold at the value Q1P1 . The supply cost is the value that will call forward a specific amount. Therefore, if S1 is a point on the supply bend, Q1S1 is the value that could call forward a sum OQ1. In the event that then the amount coming to market is OQ1, when the interest cost is in abundance of the supply cost by a sum D1S1, this implies the real and genuine cost got by the vendors, Q1D1, is more prominent than the value that would persuade them to deliver the amount included, Q1S1. They are hence accepting over the top returns, and the presumption is that this will inspire them to grow the amount offered available to be purchased, as showed by the bolt Al. Thus, if the amount going ahead the business sector is OQ2, which is bigger than the harmony amount ON, the interest value, which is the real value got, will be beneath the supply value; the suppliers will get not exactly is important to convince them to put this amount available, and the sum coming to market will decrease. In the circumstances of Diagram 1 obviously P is a steady balance, for if the amount is beneath ON it will increment; in the event that it is above ON it will decrease. The interest and supply capacities have distinctive insinuation, that are contingent upon the respective timeframe according to the aspects they allude and the way of the framework that they are expected to portray. They might be utilized either to portray the strengths fundamental the determination of a cost in a business sector on a specific day, in which case they are typically called "market request and supply bends," or they might be utilized to depict the powers deciding an "ordinary" cost, toward which the business sector cost may tend. Market bends. In the hypothesis of business sector value, it is gathered that there is no generation or utilization and the loads of cash and other interchangeable in the hands of the advertisers stay consistent amid the business sector day. The business sector request and supply capacities are then mentally based, portraying the perspective of the general population in the business sector. The business sector request bend demonstrates what amount would be offered to buy at every value; the business sector supply bend indicates what amount would be offered available to be purchased at every cost. Over the span of the day in the business sector in general, the balance market cost is that at which the business sector is cleared, that is, at which the amount offered available to be purchased is equivalent to the amount offered to buy. Here the lack surplus element plainly rules the scene. The utilization of business sector request and supply bends to depict the balance of the business s ector might be condemned in light of the fact that for this situation the two bends are not autonomous. Case in point, a mental change in the business sector that makes individuals more avid to purchase will likewise make them less anxious to offer. Regression Analysis using the data The regression analysis has accustomed the variation that has been structured through the aspects of the dependent as well as the independent variable. As per the significance, the scenario has provided the justification according the perception that can be followed underneath: Assumption 1: SUMMARY OUTPUT Regression Statistics Multiple R 0.89946 R Square 0.809028 Adjusted R Square 0.807323 Standard Error 7554.803 Observations 114 ANOVA df SS MS F Significance F Regression 1 27080569265 27080569265 474.473 4.52694E-42 Residual 112 6392405197 57075046.4 Total 113 33472974462 Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95% Lower 95.0% Upper 95.0% Intercept 5179.589 960.1032097 5.39482565 3.8707 3277.268043 7081.911 3277.268 7081.911 X Variable 1 2.627232 0.120612597 21.78240146 4.5342 2.388253616 2.86621 2.388254 2.86621 The significance that has been entailed from the overall fact has developed the feasibility according to the control regarding the significant profit that has been analyzed as per the consideration of paying tax before the interest. Thus, the r square value has significantly disclosed that the valuation is strongly related according to the fact of controlling the profit of the firm. Thus, the regression value is strongly related as per the consideration of determining the factors according to the value of 0.809028, which is good enough. Assumption 2: SUMMARY OUTPUT Regression Statistics Multiple R 0.999979 R Square 0.999959 Adjusted R Square 0.999958 Standard Error 58.62813 Observations 218 ANOVA df SS MS F Significance F Regression 1 17947961212 17947961212 5221593 0 Residual 216 742447.6756 3437.257757 Total 217 17948703660 Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95% Lower 95.0% Upper 95.0% Intercept -3.191069138 5.432046737 -0.587452445 0.557513 -13.89767358 7.5155353 -13.8976736 7.5155353 X Variable 1 1.014244814 0.000443855 2285.080534 0 1.013369972 1.015119656 1.01336997 1.015119656 As per the assumption, it can be described according to the observation, which has reflected the adjusted R-square value has reflected a very strong relationship according to the aspects of social assistance benefits. Thus, the agreement has generated a strong impact according to the concept of the different adjustments. Critical analysis on research regarding the concept of nominal and real wages Profitability development has assumed a vital part in keeping up nation aggressiveness along with, long haul monetary development while likewise controlling expansion. Along these lines, expansion focusing on national banks and governments planning to enhance the intensity of their economy nearly take after developments in labour efficiency and the influencing elements of work efficiency. From the macroeconomic point of view, changes in efficiency have been connected with developments in real and genuine wages and expansion in the hypothetical and exact writing. In this structure, an examination of the interrelationships among profitability, real and genuine wages, and expansion is basic for powers who arrangement basic changes to improve efficiency and for approach producers who plan to control swelling. On the hypothetical side, financial specialists give a few components to clarify the dynamic linkages among the variables. The hypothetical writing recommends that expansion may neg atively affect efficiency since it might diminish specialist-buying control and may disturb value signs and speculation arranges. On the other hand, the writing stresses that an expansion in real and genuine wages may decidedly influence efficiency by expanding the expenses of occupation misfortune and work. Further, the writing likewise gives hypothetical figures on the heading of causality among profitability, real and genuine wages and swelling (Arpaia Pichelmann, 2007). A few hypotheses analyze the heading of causality amongst profitability and real and genuine wages. Effectiveness wage hypothesis contends that causality keeps running from real and genuine wages to profitability. Second, peripheral profitability hypothesis and dealing hypothesis express that causality runs from efficiency to real and genuine wages. There are likewise two hypothetical perspectives that endeavour to clarify the causal requesting amongst efficiency and swelling. The essential hypothetical view rec ommends that causality keeps running from profitability to expansion. The option hypothetical view contends that causality streams from expansion to profitability. Because of the absence of accessible work market information, there are just two studies that look at the interrelationships among profitability, real and genuine wages and swelling in the connection of developing markets and creating nations. The point of this paper is to add to the surviving exact writing by examining the connections among profitability, real and genuine wages, and swelling for a quickly developing business sector economy, Australia, a nation that displays moderately solid efficiency development. For a worldwide examination, late improvements in efficiency, real and genuine wages also, swelling in major developing business sector economies are displayed in the overall assessment that revealed Australia exhibits the second biggest efficiency development rate among the developing business sector economies after China, albeit real and genuine pay development in Australia is negative. To dissect the interrelationships among the variables, the historical backdrop of work profitability, real and genuine wages, expansion and financing costs in Australia. In the post-2000 time, there were two political choices and a few monetary advancements influencing the interrelationships among profitability, real and genuine wages, and expansion in the Turkish assembling industry. Real and genuine wages and compensations in people in general division were considerably expanded by the legislature from 2001 to 2013. Therefore, the normal real and genuine wages in the assembling business were raised by 132%. The legislature driven real and genuine pay treks brought about an exceptional increment in work profitability over the same period. Then again, Australia experienced two local driven real and genuine emergencies and high and endless expansion activated ceaseless financial shortfalls. The high expan sion and loan costs adversely influenced the profitability development by contorting value flags and firms' venture arranges (Trostle, 2008). Numerous organizations in the assembling business put resources into high-enthusiasm yielding government securities as opposed to putting resources into essential examination. In this period, particularly after 2013, the causal connection amongst efficiency and real and genuine wages debilitated. Conclusion Thus from the analysis, it can be assumed that the market regulating the Australian economy has been ascertained and from the different analysis it has been understand that the company has regulated the factors in determining the important factors that can drive the factors which control the perception of the business. The control regarding the regression analysis has dealt the relationship according to the data as per the consideration. The respective features deliberated as per the fact of the real and the nominal wages has also significantly adhered the factors of performing the perception of deriving the economic income. Thus, the market has significantly considered as one of the essential factors in controlling the economy. References Kennedy, D., Austin, J., Urquhart, K., Taylor, C. (2014). Supply without demand.Science,303(5661), 1105-1105. Katz, L. F., Murphy, K. M. (2011).Changes in relative wages, 1963-1987: Supply and demand factors(No. w3927). National Bureau of Economic Research. Fisher, M. L., Hammond, J. H., Obermeyer, W. R., Raman, A. (2014). Making supply meet demand in an uncertain world.Harvard business review,72, 83-83. Cachon, G., Terwiesch, C. (2009).Matching supply with demand(Vol. 2). Singapore: McGraw-Hill. Goldstein, M., Khan, M. S. (2008). The supply and demand for exports: a simultaneous approach.The Review of Economics and Statistics, 275-286. Trostle, R. (2008).Global agricultural supply and demand: factors contributing to the recent increase in food commodity prices. Washington, DC, USA: US Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service. Angrist, J., Krueger, A. B. (2011).Instrumental variables and the search for identification: From supply and demand to natural experiments(No. w8456). National Bureau of Economic Research. Messina, J., Duarte, C. F., Izquierdo, M., Caju, P., Hansen, N. L. (2010). THE INCIDENCE OF NOMINAL AND REAL WAGE RIGIDITY: AN INDIVIDUALà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ BASED SECTORAL APPROACH.Journal of the European Economic Association,8(2à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ 3), 487-496. Arpaia, A., Pichelmann, K. (2007). Nominal and real wage flexibility in EMU.International Economics and Economic Policy,4(3), 299-328.

The Silver Crown By Bernard Malamud Essays - Bernard Malamud

The Silver Crown By Bernard Malamud Distrust is a major theme throughout The Silver Crown by Bernard Malamud. This lack of trust is not only justified by the circumstances in the story but also with the period the story was written and the authors personal life. Albert Gans is a teacher whose father is deathly ill with an unknown ailment. Doctors are baffled and do not know what treatment to prescribe to their patient. Emotionally exhausted Albert travels home to rest when he encounters a retarded girl whom offers him some hope. She gives him a card saying: Heal The Sick. Save The Dying. Make A Silver Crown(Malamud 5). He follows the address on the card and meets a rabbi by the name of J. Lifschitz who offers him the chance to save his father by having a blessed silver crown made for him. Albert listens to the rabbi as he tells him of the powers of the crown. Eagerly wanting to help his father, Albert inquires about the price of the crown. One is for 401 and the other is 986(Malamud 12) Lifschitz explains as Albert ponders the decision he is about to make. After leaving the old rabbi to think about this offer, Albert wonders why he could not see one of the crowns and believes Lifschitz is trying to con him out of his money. He finally is sho wn one of the crowns and is still convinced he is being swindled out of nine hundred and eighty-six silver dollars. Albert becomes so suspicious of his dealings with the rabbi that ultimately his distrust causes his own fathers death. The circumstances in the book that lead Albert to assume he is being deceived are numerous. Returning one night to look for the rabbi, Albert asks a colleague of Rabbi Lifschitzs about the silver crowns and his colleague has no idea what Albert is talking about. This leads Albert to presume there is no silver crown. A few moments later Lifschitz arrives home wearing expensive new clothes. Upon seeing this Albert is infuriated and demands either the return of his money or the silver crown in his hands. Neither of which Lifschitz could produce. Albert then flies into an uncontrollable frenzy and curses his father, the curse that kills him. Malamud being Jewish often uses his religion in his stories and relates the importance of having faith in God. The place, which he set this story, was an inner city like most of his other works. The effects of suffering are the central point to Malamud's fiction, his Jews symbolize all victims and that his characters cannot be easily categorized as heroes or villains. It is never clarified whether the rabbi is a charlatan or if he can perform miracles. The death of Alberts father can be seen as a coincidence or the results of his sons doubt in the old rabbi. Distrust is a dangerous emotion. It can cause people to say things they will regret and cause devastating events to happen. The effect of Alberts suspicion forces him to pay the ultimate price of losing his father. I believe the lesson Malamud tries to convey is to have faith and trust in God no matter how unbelievable the outcome seems. English Essays

Whats the Big Deal About Ebooks

Whats the Big Deal About Ebooks First of all, ebook sales are equaling print sales with most publishers, on most books. Ebook sales for Lowcountry Bribeamounted to over 85 percent of sales. Yep. Surprised me, too. And yes, I understand you want to hold that paper book in your hands. But if you are seeking numbers of sales and dollars in your pocket, youd better embrace ebooks. Here are a few reasons why you should consider publishing via ebook: 1) Readers will test a new author on an ereader, where they can purchase the book for a big discount. They will not often go into Barnes Noble and spend $15-$30 for that same test. Sure, I sold a few copies of Lowcountry Bribe, but most came from online sales that I prompted. Those who didnt know me, read me via ebook. 2) Ebooks are cheaper. Readers would rather buy more books for their buck. 3) Books are not fun to get rid of. They take up space. I donate or giveaway at least 100 books a year. It gets old finding new homes for old books. I save my bookshelf space for those special books I want to keep. 4) Ebooks are mobile. I travel several times a year, and always have at least two books going at a time. If Im gone for a week or having to make long waits at airports, I go through even more books. You get the idea. 5) Your ebooks are simple to upload to Amazon, Barnes Noble, etc. Heck, you can have Smashwords or BookBa 6) Ebooks pay higher commissions/royalties than paper. Ebooks published However, dont overlook the fact that your ebook: 1) Needs to be edited as hard as any print book.2) Needs just as gorgeous a cover as any print book.3) Needs marketing and promotion like any print book.4) Needs book reviews like any print book to be taken seriously.5) Can be uploaded almost too easily, so so youll be tempted to post it for sale prematurely. Ebooks are here to stay. People who swore theyd never read anything but paper are warming up to e-readers. Here are some links to help you get started as an ebook author. Its indeed a learning curve, but once you get it down pat, it gets to be fun as well as turn a few dollars for your pocket. Ebook Aggregators (Folks who can post your ebook online)Also known as Ebook Convertors and Distributors:publishyourownebooks.com/ebook-aggregators-comparison-chart/ebookit.com/index.php Ebook Convertorshttp://calibre-ebook.com/ebookconversiondirectory.com/http://mysterywritingismurder.blogspot.com/p/ebook-services-directory.htmlmobipocket.com/

E-Businesss Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

E-Businesss Marketing - Essay Example By doing this an organization faces both the advantages and the disadvantages of conducting business internationally. Advantages include competing with multinational firms and exploiting regions more suited to the products of the firm. The disadvantages include; entering a new country successfully will require studying the culture of the country and adapting to the situation and the potential risk of failing. Security is one of the major issues that are being faced by any organization in the present world. Internet crime has been one of these problems for organizations doing business on the Internet. Viruses and hacking have become very common, steps to reduce these have been taken and are being taken. An organization doing business online must convince its customers that data transmitted about them while buying online is safe from hackers and alteration. This can be done by formulating a security policy that provides the most secure transactions. A good security policy not only builds trust within the consumers but also helps an organization build a reputable image. The organization should also be efficient in responding to potential threats that are present before they harm the organization in any way. Importance to systems privacy is given while formulating a security policy as it determines a user's freedom while using Internet to purchase from the organization's website. Integrity i s also given importance while formulating a security policy as to avoid policies that might hinder the cohesiveness of different systems that are integrated into the E-Business. Another major security issue apart from all these is the physical security of the system. Physical security ensures that a system is safe from physical damage and thefts. Ant viruses help organizations in conducting a secure e-business and Fire Walls help control the traffic flow, balancing activities and stopping unexpected actions. Fire Walls also restricts unauthorized access in the systems. A security system that I have recently been exposed to is McAfee Antivirus system that protects the System from viruses, hackers and different potential threats on the Internet. 3. Some of the specific security objectives for protecting Web business assets and customer privacy are: - How do you protect client computers from security threats - How do you protect information as it travels through the Internet communication channel - How do you protect the security of Web server computers Pick any one of these topics to give your discussion contribution. Protecting Client Computers from security threats is not a very easy task to accomplish but it's the most important one too. Until and unless a client computer is safe it's impossible to conduct e-business with trust. The main threats are hackers

Country cultures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Country cultures - Essay Example He conducted his research amongst employees of IBM which he believed had a national representation of all cultures. In this discussion, I am going to discuss Hofstede’s approach to country cultures using his proposed model. First, there is the power or distance dimension. This dimension addresses the extent of inequality in the society and the level of acceptance in a community without power. In this dimension, when there is a high score of power/distance (PD) it implies that the community acknowledges unequal dispersion of power in the society and that people accept their placement as dictated by running systems. A low indication of PD sends signals that power is well distributed among members of a community and that people perceive themselves as equals. In relation to Canada, the PDI is approximately 40 according to Hofstede statistics. This is slightly lower than fifty percent implying that there is unequal distribution of power though not to a large extent. The PDI of China is 80 which indicate existence of high levels of unequal distribution of power compared to Canada. The second indicator is Individualism (IDV) which refers to the level at which people maintain ties with others in the community. A big score of IDV implies that there is loose bonding among individuals in the community. In countries which are characterized by a high IDV, there is low indication of interpersonal connection among people and people shy away from sharing except for immediate family members and friends (Hofstede 101). A community that has got low IDV indicates that people have strong cohesion among themselves. I addition, people respect and value each other. Canada’s IDV index is placed at eighty percent which is high score. This is an indication that there exists loose bonding among people in Canada compared to countries like China which has a score of 20. This shows that bonding among Chinese people is high compared to Canadians. Masculinity (MAS)

Write an essay outlining the strategic business objectives of an

Write an outlining the strategic business objectives of an information system, including a description of its management, organisation and technology components. Make use of diagrams where appropriate - Essay Example This paper focuses on the objectives played by information systems in an organization. It will also look into the management, business and technology components of the information systems. To begin, information systems refer to ‘the set of interrelated components that collect, process, store, and distribute information to support decision making, coordination and control in an organization.’ In addition to this information systems help in the analysis and solving of problems and; come up with products that are new in the markets (Laudon, and Jane, p12). Information systems have roles that they do play in organizations. ‘The network revolution and the internet’ is one of these roles. Over the years, there have been numerous developments in information systems. For instance, there are available software that are very easy to use, people can now analyse huge amounts of data and in an easy way (Beynon-Davies-Robert, & Chris, p134). These two features and many more, enable communication networks to be very powerful due to the computer technology. The internet is one of these communication networks, which is very vital for any company, regardless its size. The internet can connect numerous countries and is a platform for people in different fields to exchange information. Companies are able to use the internet to make business transactions, graphical presentations, documents, among other things. This happens very easily despite the distance between the different parties. The internet has different importance to any company. Collaboration and information is one of these roles. Whereby, people in an organization can easily communicate by the exchange of emails, or even transmitting documents, as reports. The internet can also be used to access information. For example, during a research; or when one requires certain information, they can look for related documents, or even read books online. In addition to

Evidence Basis for Psychological Disorder Classification

Evidence Basis for Psychological Disorder Classification Introduction A trained mental health professional will use interviews, psychometric tests, background information to be able to make a diagnosis of a psychological disorder. (Weekly 3, Weekly notes). A diagnosis is formed by comparing the data that has been gathered to that of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder (APA, 2013) or the International Classification of Diseases (WHO, 1992). These manuals are both used in the classification of psychological disorders and requires the clinician to make judgments on each of the five axes. The DSM classification system lists 16 categories of disturbance and more than 200 subcategories. Abnormal behaviour classification is made on the basis of Axis I (Clinical Syndromes) and Axis II (Personality Disorders). The other three axes are used as supplementary information — Axis III (General Medical Conditions), Axis IV (Psychosocial and Environmental Problems), and Axis V (Global Assessment of Functioning)—are used to provide su pplementary information. (APA, 2013) Comorbidity Clarke et al (1995) describe comorbidity as the co-occurrence of two more disorders in the same individual. Comorbidity occurs when an individual meets diagnostic criteria for more than one disorder or has symptoms from multiple disorders even if they occur at a subclinical level (Kazdin 2005). Clinicians need to consider these problems as part of a whole complex of phenomena that are closely linked to one another and not deal with each disorder separately.( DOHA, 2008) Strong Evidence Base: Personality Disorders Key features of Personality Disorders are distorted thinking patterns, problematic emotional responses, unregulated impulse control and interpersonal difficulties. These can blend in various ways to form ten specific personality disorders identified in DSM-5 (APA, 2013) and are grouped in 3 clusters which are: Cluster A- social awkwardness and social withdrawal that are dominated by distorted thinking Paranoid Personality Disorder Schizoid Personality Disorder Schizotypal Personality Disorder Cluster B- problems with impulse control and emotional regulation Borderline Personality Disorder Narcissistic Personality Disorder Histrionic Personality Disorder Antisocial Personality Disorder Cluster C- high level of anxiety Avoidant Personality Disorder Dependent Personality Disorder Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorders. In order to be diagnosed with a specific personality disorder an individual must meet the minimum criteria with symptoms that cause distress and functional impairment. Research suggests that personality disorders frequently co-occur with each other and with other disorders such as: Bipolar Disorder ADHD Social Phobia Schizophrenia Substance Use Disorders Eating Disorders About half of all people who meet the criteria for one personality disorder will also meet the criteria for at least one other (Fowler, ODonohue Lilienfeld, 2007). Studies on the prevalence of personality disorders performed in different countries and amongst different populations suggest that roughly 10% of adults can be diagnosed with a personality disorder (Torgersen, 2005). There is sufficient research and empirical evidence to support the symptoms, diagnostic instruments and treatment for personality disorder. Weak Evidence Base: Anxiety Disorders Key features of Anxiety Disorders are mental apprehension, physical tension, physical symptoms and dissociative anxiety, restlessness or nervousness, easy fatigability, poor concentration, irritability, muscle tension, or sleep disturbance. (Healy, 2008). In anxiety disorders, culture plays a significant role with a wide range of what is acceptable and normative. DSM-5 (APA, 2013) classify anxiety disorders into the following categories Panic disorder Social Anxiety Disorder Agoraphobia Specific Anxiety Disorder. Separation Anxiety Disorder Selective Mutism Agoraphobia Generalized Anxiety Disorder Post-Traumatic Stress Syndrome In order to be diagnosed with a specific anxiety disorder an individual must meet the minimum criteria with symptoms that cause distress and significant problems in their functioning. Anxiety is a normal human emotion but can also be a symptomatic feature of many different psychiatric disorders such as: Avoidant Personality Disorder Mood Disorder/ Depression Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders Substance Use Disorders Anxiety disorders are fairly common with approximately 18% of the American population experiencing an anxiety in a year (NIMH, 2008). Each disorder is applicable to both children and adults with an average onset of 21.5 years of age. The presence of some anxiety symptoms does not automatically indicate an anxiety disorder. (Jacofsky et al, DSM-5 (APA, 2013) acknowledges that the overlap of anxiety disorders may represent alternative conceptualizations of the same or similar conditions and more research is needed to identify differences. It may also be difficult to separate anxiety from depression when both disorders co-occur resulting in poorer response to treatment. There is inconsistent evidence on comorbidity of schizophrenia and anxiety. Some studies suggest that having both disorders has no significant effect. Other research points to poorer outcomes when both disorders are present (Pokos Castle, 2006). Reasons for Difference in Evidence Base Clark et al (1995) discusses that some disorders are currently placed in the wrong diagnostic class e.g. should be listed as a dissociative disorder rather than an anxiety disorder. They suggest that this presents a taxonomic problem for which no solution has been found. Another problem isheterogeneity. Most research is focussed on a limited range of disorders with researchers not being aware of similar issues in the discipline as a whole.( Week 4, Weekly Notes) Individuals could be relatively dissimilar to each other and have very little in common but may get classified into the same diagnostic group. Psychometric tests used may not be relevant across different cultural or age groups. Conclusion To be able to determine the appropriate treatment process, Clinicians must be able to determine the psychologically sound diagnosis based on the evidence available and the diagnostic criteria set out in the DSM-5 or ICD-10. Interrelated groups of diagnoses make this a complex and demanding task. References: American Psychiatric Association. (APA) (2013)Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(5th edn) (DSM-5) Clark, L. A., Watson, D., Reynolds, S. (1995). Diagnosis and classification of psychopathology: Challenges to the current system and future directions.Annual Review of Psychology,46, 121–153. Department of Health and Ageing (DOHA) (2008) Comorbidity of mental disorders and substance use: A brief guide for the primary care clinician. Retrieved September 3rd 2014 from Drug and Alcohol Services South Australia website: www.nationaldrugstrategy.gov.au/internet/drugstrategy//mono71.pdf Fowler, K.A., ODonohue, W., Lilienfeld, S.O. (2007). Introduction: Personality Disorders In Perspective. In ODonohue, W.T., Fowler, K.A., Lilienfeld, S.O. (Eds.). Personality Disorders: Toward the DSM V. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications. Healy, D. (2008) Drugs Explained, Section 5: Management of Anxiety, Elsevier Health Sciences, 2008, pp. 136–137 Jacofsky, M.D., Santos, M.T., Khemlani-Patel, S., Neziroglu, F. (2014) Anxiety and Other Psychiatric Disorders. Retrieved September 2nd 2014 from Seven Counties Services website: http://www.sevencounties.org/poc/view_doc.php?type=docid=38463cn=1 Kazdin AE. 2005. Evidence-based assessment for children and adolescents: issues in measurement development and clinical applications.Journal of. Clinical Child Adolescent Psychology. 34:548–58 Laureate Online Education (2011) Week 3, Weekly notes: Assessments in mental health continued https://elearning.uol.ohecampus.com/bbcswebdav/institution/UKL1/MAP/201480_AUGUST/APPTRE/readings/APPTRE_Week03_weeklyNotes.html Laureate Online Education (2011) Week 4, Weekly notes: Diagnoses and case formulation. https://elearning.uol.ohecampus.com/bbcswebdav/institution/UKL1/MAP/201480_AUGUST/APPTRE/readings/APPTRE_Week04_weeklyNotes.html National Institute of Mental Health (2008). Statistics. The numbers count: Mental disorders in America. Retrieved September 3rd 2014 from NIMH website http://www.nimh.nih.gov/statistics/index.shtml Pokos, V., Castle, D. J. (2006). Prevalence of comorbid anxiety disorders in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: A literature review. Current Psychiatry Review 2, 285-307. Torgersen, S. (2005). Epidemiology. In Oldham, J.M., Skodol, A.E., Bender, D. S (Eds.). The American Psychiatric Publishing Textbook of Personality Disorders (pp. 129-143). Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Publishing. World Health Organization (WHO) (1992).  International classification of diseases  (ICD-10). Geneva, Switzerland: Author.

God Has the Cure Essay -- Religion, God, The Church

Throughout the ages great thinkers and men with revolutionary ideas have been changing the world of understanding. During the Renaissance men like Vesalius, William Hervey, and Paracelsus revolutionize the understanding of medicine through the use of dissection and constant studying. However these men did not find change easy, the Christian Church was set in their ways and was reluctant to change. People where dying from unknown causes and the church had no answers. The Renaissance was a time for enlightenment and rebirth of new ideas, but the church inability to adapt and adopt the new discoveries and knowledge of medicine left society in the dark ages. The Church was not all prayers and hope when it came to medicine. They did believe in a set of ideas which came into effect, â€Å"3,000 years ago when Hippocrates and Galen created four humors: Blood, phlegm, black bile, and yellow bile† (Dawson 8-9). These humors were what doctors used to diagnose patient’s illness based on the balance of each humor. If the patient felt ill, then the doctor would drain blood from the patient and send them on their way. Now medical science knows that blood is responsible for the curing of ailments and by draining that patient’s blood, they are even less likely to recover. The church agreed with Galen because, â€Å"His view was in line with the Christian belief that God had created human beings and therefore the human body must be a perfect creation† (Dawson 14). The church also agreed with Hippocrates because he had gathered his knowledge of human anatomy from the dissection of animals because, â€Å"The human body was seen as sacrilege and doctors faced legal and censure if dissection was attempted† (Kate 2). With this information patients of the Renaissanc... ... looking for hope and finding nothing from the church. The churches inability to change delayed the new understanding and medical advancements for thousands of years. Many questions arise when thinking about this time period, what would our world be like if the great thinker of the time were allowed to work freely? Would there be more cures for deadly disease? And how many lives could have been saved with this knowledge. Those questions will never be answered but the question still stand. The idea of religious freedom from education has been an issue even to this day. Seeing how it worked out for the Renaissance thinkers it will stay as an issue. When one is told what to believe and not to question, they should stop and ask why. Because faith is based on knowledge and knowledge is something that is acquired thought to constant questioning of old ideas.

Mandatory Drug Tests for Welfare Recipients

Should welfare recipients be drug tested? We have many different opinions about this subject. The problem is that people are receiving free money from the government and purchasing unnecessary or illegal products. Is that fair to people who work hard to earn their money and pay the taxes to support these addictions? No, it’s not fair. The money should go straight to support the individuals’ families until they can support themselves without the help of the government. People who can afford to buy drugs don’t need help from the government.Welfare should be used for its purpose only. Without drug testing people who receive the benefit, the government has no knowledge of how the money from welfare is being used. Drug tests would solve the misusing of the welfare money, and help keep recipients clean so they can keep a job and they can take care of their family with their own earned money. Why is there welfare? Some people run into difficulties in their lives where t hey may need some time of assistance; in these cases, welfare comes into place.Welfare is meant to help people who really need it. As the saying goes, â€Å"Bad things happen to good people,† and when people can’t afford to put food on their table or can’t afford a home to live in, welfare takes action and helps them. Welfare exists to make sure people can get back on their feet, and that’s what welfare checks should be used for and only for. People on welfare should be using that money effectively and meanwhile they should be looking for a job so they can afford their home and food and at one point get out of the welfare system.People are not supposed to lay back and pretend that their welfare check is their salary and use these funds for whatever they want (Welfare Information). But it happens. Unfortunately, welfare has become a way of life for a lot of people in the US. They sit around waiting for their next check with no intention of looking for a jo b or to improve their lives in anyway (Krannebitter). Therefore welfare is creating dependable people who don’t care to get out of their couch to make a better living for themselves.The worst part is that a lot of the people on welfare also use the money that come from the pocket of people who get up early in the morning to work almost every day, to buy drugs. If people are struggling to pay rent or to get food for their family, how are they having enough to buy drugs? What happens is that a lot of the times adults take the money that they are supposed to buy clothing, food, school materials for their kids and instead use it to buy drugs. That is not air to people in the work force because we are basically funding their drug addictions, and it’s definitely not fair to their kids, because that money is supposed to help them live a better childhood (â€Å"Welfare Misuse and Drugs†). So what can we do to prevent welfare money going to drugs? We should consider drug testing welfare recipients. By doing so, we would make sure that every person who receives the help from the government is clean and are using the money efficiently.Also it would make sure they are not losing jobs because of their addictions. People who are against drug testing welfare recipients always say that the 4th amendment make the drug testing unconstitutional. People who don’t know what the 4th amendment is all about, it basically states that the U. S. constitution protects people from unreasonable search (Fourth Amendment). So how come the 4th amendment doesn’t protect me from being drug tested for a job?I’m willing to work and earn my money and to do so I undergo through a drug test every so often, so how come the people who are in the welfare system, who by the way receives the money from the taxes I pay from my paycheck, for free, should not be tested? It’s just common sense. The drug testing would encourage people to stop using drugs and us e the money in a more productive way, and as a result of that, improving their lives. Welfare money is not always used for its purpose.With that in mind, the government should come up with a solution to solve this problem who is taking money away from people who really need the system. That solution is called drug testing. Drug tests should be a part of the application for welfare and it should happen also during the period when the person is getting help from the government, as people get tested to keep their job. Drug test would not only make sure that the welfare money is used properly, it would also make sure the recipients are clean and therefore can be more productive for their families and our society.

Marketing Colorado Springs

Marketing Colorado Springs TABLE OF CONTENTS1.0 Executive Summary 12.0 Situation Analysis 22.1 Market Summary 22.1.1 Market Demographics 22.1.2 Market Needs 32.1.3 Market Trends 32.1.4 Market Growth 32.2 SWOT Analysis 42.2.1 Strengths 42.2.2 Weaknesses 42.2.3 Opportunities 52.2.4 Threats 52.3 Competition 52.4 Product Offering 52.5 Keys to Success 52.6 Critical Issues 62.7 Historical Results 62.8 Macro environment 63.0 Marketing Strategy 63.1 Mission 73.2 Marketing Objectives 73.3 Financial Objectives 73.4 Target Markets 73.5 Positioning 83.6 Strategies 83.7 Marketing Mix 83.7.1 Product Marketing 83.7.2 Price 83.7.3 Promotion 83.7.4 Service 83.8 Marketing Research 94.0 Financials 94.1 Break-Even Analysis 94.2 Sales Forecast 94.2.1 Sales Breakdown ?Mail, Web Direct Sales and Convention Participation 104.2.2 Sales Breakdown ?Second Contact 104.2.3 Sales Breakdown ?Tertiary Contact 10Colorado Springs, Colorado City Hall.4.2.4 Sales Breakdown ?Fourth Contact 104.3 Expense Forecast 104.4 Contribution Margins 115.0 C ontrols 115.1 Implementation 115.2 Marketing Organization 115.3 Contingency Planning 125.4 Final Statement 12 131.0 Executive SummaryThis marketing plan lays the groundwork for an ambitious road map that will allow the city of Colorado Springs, and its businesses, to thrive and remain competitive in today global market. The focus of this plan will entail growth industries that include the following:?nbsp; Computer technologies and data centric businesses?nbsp; Bio-technical sciences?nbsp; Department of Defense contracting companies?nbsp; Telecommunications and broadband services?nbsp; Hotel and hospitality industries?nbsp; Leisure, entertainment, and tourism endeavorsBy utilizing a non-profit business model we focus our efforts toward recruiting businesses to base themselves, both headquarters and satellite offices, in Colorado Springs. We've established our commitment on the availability of office space...

Free Essays on Year Round Education

Year-Round Education Thesis statement Teachers, administrators, students, and parents should consider all of the pros and cons of year-round education and base school calendar decisions on the plan that gives students the best opportunity to be academically successful. I. There are possibly cost and academic advantages of two plans of year-round education. A. There are two basic plans of year-round education. B. Cost of year round education differs from the traditional calendar. C. There are possible academic advantages of year-round education. II. The differing plans of YRE are single-track and multi-track. A. The single track plan (ST) puts all students on the same calendar. B. Multiple-track (MT) puts groups of students on different calendars. C. 45-15, 60-20, 60-15 and 90-30 plans work in ST or MT plans. III. The cost effects of YRE are debatable. A. Increased cost is the norm. B. YRE affects student jobs and summer activities. IV. The academic impact of YRE is questionable. A. YRE requires curriculum adjustments. B. Does YRE improve standardized test scores and basic studies? There are two major types of year-round education. They are single track and multi track. â€Å"Single track programs provide for the entire student body and staff to follow the same school calendar. Multi track programs divide students and teachers into groups and assign each to one of several tracks with staggered instructional blocks and vacation periods† (Palmer/Bemis). Administrators and politicians who are in favor of year-round education partially support their feelings on the probability of money savings. Very little evidence supports this position. There are also supporters of year-round education who feel that the plan gives students a better opportunity to be more successful academically. Both single-track and multi-track approaches to year-round education meet the required 180 days of instruction for students. The differ... Free Essays on Year Round Education Free Essays on Year Round Education Year-Round Education Thesis statement Teachers, administrators, students, and parents should consider all of the pros and cons of year-round education and base school calendar decisions on the plan that gives students the best opportunity to be academically successful. I. There are possibly cost and academic advantages of two plans of year-round education. A. There are two basic plans of year-round education. B. Cost of year round education differs from the traditional calendar. C. There are possible academic advantages of year-round education. II. The differing plans of YRE are single-track and multi-track. A. The single track plan (ST) puts all students on the same calendar. B. Multiple-track (MT) puts groups of students on different calendars. C. 45-15, 60-20, 60-15 and 90-30 plans work in ST or MT plans. III. The cost effects of YRE are debatable. A. Increased cost is the norm. B. YRE affects student jobs and summer activities. IV. The academic impact of YRE is questionable. A. YRE requires curriculum adjustments. B. Does YRE improve standardized test scores and basic studies? There are two major types of year-round education. They are single track and multi track. â€Å"Single track programs provide for the entire student body and staff to follow the same school calendar. Multi track programs divide students and teachers into groups and assign each to one of several tracks with staggered instructional blocks and vacation periods† (Palmer/Bemis). Administrators and politicians who are in favor of year-round education partially support their feelings on the probability of money savings. Very little evidence supports this position. There are also supporters of year-round education who feel that the plan gives students a better opportunity to be more successful academically. Both single-track and multi-track approaches to year-round education meet the required 180 days of instruction for students. The differ...

In What Ways Has the United Nations Organisation Influenced the Essay

In What Ways Has the United Nations Organisation Influenced the Conduct of Diplomacy - Essay Example Attitudes toward the UN are based on having governmental and international interference. This affiliation makes it easier for the government to work toward a resolution while national involvement with the conflict becomes secondary (Ernst, 1037: 2008). Actions of the UN The United Nations has not only suggested and become involved with resolving conflict at earlier stages. There are also initiatives that have been propagated and organized by the UN which serve individuals in various countries. An approach which has been taken is multilateralism. This strategy is based on diplomats of several countries working together to provide solutions to foreign affairs. Often, larger states work unilaterally to create a different approach to solving problems. Foreign policies, interference from governments working together and the development of councils in various countries to enhance the security of a nation are some of the outcomes of this approach. The security enhancement and other policies that have been implemented as a result can work to take proactive measures against conflict while ensuring that individuals have the capacity of overcoming challenges now emerging at a global and national level. Peacekeeping operations, government diplomacy, economic recovery, assistance with health programs and climate negotiations are some of the several programs that have developed as a result of this concept (Plenum, 2011). The concept of multilateralism works to overcoming challenges and to move into a higher sense of diplomacy. The UN has the ability to intervene and provide changes with the governance offered with the associations between nations. Intergovernmental organizations are able to work with finding solutions while offering higher security. If... This paper approves that the concept of foreign policy and the soft power of the UN are furthered by the overall sense of political barriers that naturally form within nations. The use of foreign policies and the need to have legalities within a specific nation is one that causes most who are in nations to be forced to take sides. The main view that is seen always has an opposing view, even when there is a common purpose. The conflict then comes from tensions that can’t be resolved by those in the UN or other regions and builds a sense of ideological interests that continue with the conflicts of various nations. This report makes a conclusion that the concept of diplomacy is one that is continuously being altered and re-defined. The United Nations organization has used various measures to change this particular outcome and to influence the way in which diplomacy works. The association with diplomacy is one that is regulated by education, suggestions and the overall ideologies that the UN has created. This is combined with the legal implications that the UN can reinforce and the agendas that are carried out by NGOs and other non – governmental organizations. These are all able to work by changing the influence within the UN. However, there is often the inability to create influence because of foreign policies and the nature of various governments. While the UN is able to spread specific levels of diplomacy through mediation and education, the limitations rely on national governments and the main approaches used to creating a sense of peace resolution and diplomacy within the region.

Analysis of American Eagle Outfitters Research Paper

Analysis of American Eagle Outfitters - Research Paper Example he company’s auditor, the research will draw from the current financial statements for the year ending February 2013 in an attempt to identify the name of the audit firm, whether the audit firm issued a combined for separate reports, the type of audit opinion provided and the auditor’s view about internal control over fiscal reporting. AEO is a retailer company whose main business activity is clothing and accessories sold under its own private label brands. Its main products include footwear, apparel, personal care, accessories and lingerie, which is offered in a multi-brand targeting people in different ages. The American Eagle Outfitters most common brand targets both female and male aged 15 to 25 years. It most popular products are polo shirts, low-rise jeans, swimwear, graphic T-shirts, Henley shirts, briefs and boxers. The aerie lingerie brand targets females aged 15-21 years and it offers a variety of female wears including undergarments, dorm-wear, loungewear, sleepwear and active apparel. The company has experienced misfortunes while marketing its brands. For instance, failure of success by the Martin + Osa stand alone lifestyle concept brand led to its closure in 2006. It targeted women and men aged 28-40 years. Furthermore, its latest brand, 77 kids, which targeted children aged 2-10 years was also sold after experiencing after tax losses in 2012. American Eagle Outfitters has a worldwide presence in a number of international countries. The company has expanded to Canada, Puerto Rico, Egypt, Tokyo, Moscow, Dubai and Kuwait where it sells its clothing brands. With over nine hundred stores and 148 Aerie stand-alone stores, this clothing retailer is one of the largest in U.S having acquired revenues of $ 3.48 billions in FY 2013 (United States Securities And Exchange Commission-FY 2013). AEO is a public company; therefore, it is required by law to appoint an independent external auditor to audit its financial statements. This is also a requirement

AGRICULTURAL ETHICS Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

AGRICULTURAL ETHICS - Research Paper Example There is no any widely accepted definition of ethics and general public have different ideas about ethics. For some, ethics mean adherence to the law while for others it is adherence to the spirit. Similarly, for some it is concerned with the religious beliefs while for others it is concerned with the standards of the culture or the community. The definitions given by the enthusiasts are more complex containing some or all elements mentioned above describing what are concerned with ethics and what are not. However, the discussion here is not to focus on the accurate and widely accepted definition of ethics but about the what are the factors related to agricultural ethics. Many professionals have put considerable efforts in defining factors related to agricultural ethics. It is quite interesting that those who are engaged in agriculture or associated with farming directly like farmers or indirectly like government regulating bodies, researchers, agents, CEOs, lawmakers, industrial workers, protestors, consumers or technology developers believe that their moral ground is higher than others as they are associated with one of the most noble endeavors of the humans which is feeding the people and this provides them an extraordinary moral confidence which tends to neglect the need of examining the choices made by them (Burgess, 1998). According to ethicists Ahlstrom, Bruton & Yeh, (1997) those who are associated with the production of agriculture and those who support agricultural activities with technology have a strong belief that as they are increasing the agricultural production to meet the growing demand, they are exempted from the continuous process of political negotiation and renegotiation about the moral bargain which is the pillar of the modern society and democracy. All of them engaged in either discovery of new agricultural technologies or gene cloning or the lawmakers supporting farming with subsidies or breeding new plants or

Role of Student Essay Example for Free

Role of Student Essay India has a vast population of students who are studying in thousands of schools and colleges. These students can plays a very significant role in the re-building and reconstruction of our nation. This can only happen if their energies are properly channelised. The students had also played in a very important role during Indias struggle for independence. But after Indias independence it seems that students have no aim and noble cause before them for which they can utilise their energy. From time to time we hear about students indiscipline in difference universities and colleges. This again proves that the students power is being misused for destructive activities instead of any constructive work. In reality, the students lack proper guidance and good leadership. For some years indiscipline among the students in India had become a serious problem. They were going on strikes and organising demonstrations, agitations etc. They were disrespecting their teachers and college authorities. They were also fighting with the police. Thus the whole academic atmosphere in the universities was vitiated. In certain universities for years together no examinations could be held due to these problems. For all this indiscipline and disturbances in the colleges, we cannot hold the students exclusively responsible. To some extent the teachers, college authorities as well as the political leaders of our country are also responsible. Some political parties also incite the students against the authorities. These political parties play with live and careers of the innocent students. There should be a ban on the political parties taking any participation in the affairs of the students. The students possess immense youth power. In the absence of positive and constructive leadership they are led astray. The government should provide them with healthy and constructive leadership. In this manner they can be associated in bringing about social, economic, political moral reforms in India. They can play an important role in the progress of our nation. The students of today are the citizens of tomorrow. Let them feel their responsibility towards the society and the nation, so that they can become good citizens later on. There are many ways in which the students can best serve their country. First of all, the students should imbibe the spirit of discipline, because without discipline no nation can rise in the world today. It is due to discipline alone that countries like Japan, Germany, Russia and China are today powerful nations. The students can also be associated with the removal of many social evils in the society. The students can help in rooting out out the evil of dowry from the society by taking solemn pledge, they will not accept any dowry at the time of their marriage. they can help in the removal other evils like gambling, drinking, making illicit liquor etc. The other important role which the students can play is that they should work for the national unity and emotional integration in the country. They should work against the communal, provincial, linguistic and separatist tendencies in the country. They should develop and promote the spirit of Indian first and Indian last, rather than thinking in terms of a Sikh, Muslim, christian or a Hindi.

Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting: a Novel Approach

Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting: a Novel Approach ADVERSE DRUG REACTION REPORTING, A NOVEL APPROACH Author: Abdul Latif Sheikh*, Ale Zehra*, Salwa Zubair*, Muhammad Zeeshan Khan* ABSTRACT: Globally adverse drug reactions (ADRs) has major contribution in public health cost mortality ratio. Therefore it’s a crucial time for an ongoing ADR-monitoring and new easy advance reporting program which provides benefits to the health care professionals patients. The aim of hosting a ADRs reporting modern tactic by the Department of Pharmacy Services,Aga Khan University Hospital ,Karachi,Pakistan(AKUH)(a tertiary care setup), is to perceive the outcome of spontaneous reporting of ADRs through call in name of Hot line service its awareness campaign. In addition to manual yellow form and online reporting system,AKUH has launched the program with ADR’s awareness session, memorandum sent through mail small spot quiz with ADRs card to all Doctors, Nurses Pharmacists. The department has fixed its one telephone line for voluntarily reporting of ADRs. Total 08 awareness session has been taken at different forum of AKUH including its associated secondary hospital from Au gust to December with 274 participants while 396 professionals participated in spot quiz activity. On weekly basis ADR’s awareness memo mail was sent to all hospital professionals and ADRs flyers distributed to the wards. Impact of 05 month activity has assessed for its achievement or not. Reporting of ADRs was increase(09%) from 43 to 52 in count with contribution of 29 ADRs, reported via hot line service while the awareness campaign boosted the professionals to report ADRs as pharmacist participation appeared to be increased from 35% to 64%. However different countries and organizations have different technologies for reporting ADRs but by adoption of such a type of modern smart approach which is easy for professionals to report ADRs awareness compaign of ADRs enhance the professional to report ADRs for positive patient out comes safety. Key word: Report ADR through call, Novel technology in ADR reporting, ADRs awareness compaign Introduction: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs), occurs at normal doses (used for prophylaxis, diagnosis, or therapy of disease, or for the modification of physiologic function), have a considerable adverse impact on the health of the population lead to contribution in health care costs due to hospital admissions (approx.5-6%), suggested the enormous direct and indirect social and economic costs for a society.2, 3, 4, 5, 6,7,14, 15,16,17,18. Globally the burden of ADRs is high, accounting for considerable morbidity, mortality and extra cost28 Thalidomide is the first drug whose ADRs was reported in 196019, estimated that 5000-6000 new born infants were effected by drug with characteristic of thalidomide-induced phocomelia, limb defects, often accompanied by deformities of internal organs20,21. Due to reporting of its adverse reaction, it was withdrawn from the world market in late 1961, remaining available only for strictly defined research purposes, 22diverted the attention of health caregiver to chore on reporting system of adverse drug reaction. ADR monitoring or a reduction in their frequency simply cannot happen until and unless they are reported in an efficient and timely manner. Spontaneous reporting is most accessible and easiest method for ADR reporting. WHO has implemented two methods in its public health program, cohort event monitoring (CEM) and targeted spontaneous reporting (TSR). CEM encompasses all drug related issues including poor quality, drug interactions, storage and medication errors23 while in TSR health professionals in specific setting (e.g. patients on drug resistant infection) reports about drug related issues, safety.24 Spontaneous reporting is helpful but is usually prone to under reporting and poor quality reports 25Other methods include intensive monitoring (resource and time consuming)26, chart review (prospective and retrospective), FDA MEDWATCH reporting. One of the most common method is yellow card system which was started 30 years before but the main problem associated with it is under reporting (less than 10%)27 Due to remarkable burden of ADRs globally, 28, 42measures are needed to reduce the frequency of ADRs, healthcare costs and readmissions34, 35and to improve the benefit harm ratio of drug. Fatal ADRs appear to be the 4th or 6th leading cause of death31; it can be reduced by making changes in systems for preventing and detecting adverse drug event(ADEs)29. A study indicates that a computer alert system prevented ADRs which were otherwise not recognizeable29.WHO database contains over 2.5 million case report analysis of this data32 ( 70% were known ADRs ,17% signals requiring further evaluation)33 .Spontaneous reporting is the most common method used in pharmacovigilance and most effective in generating signals on new or rear adverse drug reactions28. Reduction in ADRs will occur only if ADRs are properly reported and the patterns can be studied to identify the causes of ADRs, which will in the end, help to reduce their occurrence.36 Pakistan has been plagued with many health related problems, including ADRs. In Lahore, on Jan- 2012, at least 125 patients died due to an adverse drug reaction(ADRs) due to one of the cardiac medicine, which was adulterated with an antimalarial agent, found on investigation.37, 38However laws for monitoring and forms for reporting ADRs exist in Pakistan but there is no National ADR database.39 In Pakistan, medicines are used on a large scale, but still ADRs reporting is a little known concept. Ministry of health (MOH) has been involved in developing an ADR program, but requires major improvements; widespread implementation being a critical factor. Majority of the hospitals have no ADRs reporting system, others are reporting ADRs restricted to some drugs, and only few hospitals have a proper established ADRs reporting system40. The Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH), being the premier hospital of Pakistan, also has an established ADRs program, which includes utilizing various technologies to report ADRs; Yellow cards, online reporting, and a recently established ADR reporting hotline service (where reports can be made via telephones). Having multiple technologies available to healthcare professionals to report ADRs makes the task easy and ultimately results in improved patient care.41 Methodology: To enhance the ADRs reporting system in an easiest more efficient way, The Department of Pharmacy services-AKUH, in addition to yellow card online ADRs reporting, tune up to a new spontaneous service in name of ADRs hot line service in which pharmacy fix its one telephone extension for receiving ADRs reporting calls. Caller is the reporting person but the login of ADRs in system is the responsibility of pharmacy by asking the information of about patient’s Medical record number, time date of reaction, suspected drug nature of reaction. Program started from 5th August, 2013 with adoption of following strategies. Aware session at different forum of doctors, pharmacists nurses, distribution of ADRs flyers to different unit of ward ADRs cards inform them about the importance outcomes of ADRs reporting. By taking a small spot quiz of ADRs (policies, how to login, and its outcome e.t.c) to different staff randomly give small prizes for their appreciation encouragement. On weekly basis advertise through mail, sent to all hospital’s professional with different theme of ADRs. Acknowledged with appreciation words to those user who report the ADRs through hot line service for future courage. Collect the monthly data of ADRs reporting count with contribution of hot line service. At end of month Calculate how much this service was affective? Initially the data of 05 month activity was collected to evaluate impact of new services. Table:01 Table:02 Table:03 Result: ADRs reporting trend: PRE ADRs hot line services: Total voluntarily ADR reported = 43 Graph:01 Post ADRs Hot line Service: Total voluntarily ADR reported including Hot line service= 52 Total ADR via Hot line service = 29 Graph:02 # of ADRs Reported Doctor, Nurses Pharmacists. Pre ADRs Hot line service: Graph:03 Post ADRs Hot line service: Graph:04 Discussion: New methodologies in any set up always helpful for its goal achievement. In a current scenario, along with yellow card online reporting system, The Department of Pharmacy Services-AKUH introduces a new spontaneous method of ADRs reporting in name of ADRs Hot Line Service. Program( hot line service its awareness compaign) was started on 5th August -2013 to all hospital’s Doctors, Nurses Pharmacists. Program features includes awareness session,spot quiz, memo through mail. Pre post service comparison indicate the increased in quantity of voluntarily reporting ADRs, from 43 to 52 ( as shown in graph 01 02).Increase in 09% ADRs reporting status indicate that service along with campaign was effective but still need continuous effort in field of ADR reporting technologies34,35. Reporting via manual yellow card has almost zero ( pre post evaluation showed zero reporting)which may be due to presence of online reporting as it is easy convenient as compare to yellow card while gl obally yellow card reporting is also underreporting27. Globally the burden of ADR28, 42 alarm each health care setup to concentrate its way of reporting methodology so as large amount of ADR would be reported. Total reporting trend through hot line service in around 05 month campaign was 29 including from its associated secondary hospitals (06 ADRs reported by Secondary hospital’s doctors Pharmacist) while before campaign there was zero reporting from there. Awareness sessions spot quiz campaign (as shown in table 01 02) over there boost the professionals to report the ADRs for future patient safety. As the campaign also include weekly memo (importance of ADR reporting new service) mail sent to to all professionals, act as enhancement factor for reporting. Total 20 memos have been mailed in 140 days program assesment as shown in table 03. Highest number of total ADRs has been reported in month of September, 2013 (shown in graph 02) i.e 19 its was 2nd month of campaign while least number has been reported in month of November i.e only 2 which may be due to non occurrence of ADRs. Reporting via hot line service was seem to be high in month of September also (as shown in graph 02) while moderate in month of October December (as shown in graph 02) but over all contribution of hot line service in ADRs reporting was good satisficatory certified program to continue in future for patient safety. Though the doctors, pharmacist nurses have an equal accountability to report ADRs but Pharmacist have an vital role in direct patient care through counseling on ADRs, identification and documentation in the patient’s medical record of high-risk patients43 thus in current adopted approach contribution of Pharmacist to report ADR appeared to be high as compare to the pre awareness campaign indicate the positive outcome of compain. Reporting of ADRs is high in high income incoutries as compare to low income countries. As per World Health Organization,Pakistan stand among low income countries so there is need of development of such a smart approach for reporting ADRs its awareness for patient safety. Conclusion: ADRs have a major contribution in death mortality so there is need to continue effort in developing an easy and smart technology like spontaneous reporting of ADRs through call( ADRs hot line service) its awareness comapign seems to be very effective boosting professionals . References: Biswas, P., Pharmacovigilance in Asia. J Pharmacol Pharmacother. 4(Suppl1): p. S7-S19. Goettler, M., S. Schneeweiss, and J. Hasford, Adverse drug reaction monitoringcost and benefit considerations. Part II: cost and preventability of adverse drug reactions leading to hospital admission. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf, 1997. 6 Suppl 3: p. S79-90. Einarson, T.R., Drug-related hospital admissions. Ann Pharmacother, 1993. 27(7-8): p. 832-40. Muehlberger, N., S. Schneeweiss, and J. Hasford, Adverse drug reaction monitoringcost and benefit considerations. Part I: frequency of adverse drug reactions causing hospital admissions. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf, 1997. 6 Suppl 3: p. S71-7. Lazarou, J., B.H. Pomeranz, and P.N. Corey, Incidence of adverse drug reactions in hospitalized patients: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. JAMA, 1998. 279(15): p. 1200-5. S., O., The role of the WHO program on International Drug Monitoring in coordinating worldwide drug safety efforts. Drug Saf 19, 1998: p. 1–10. Rawlins, M.D., Clinical pharmacology. Adverse reactions to drugs. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed), 1981. 282 : p. 974-6. Edwards, I.R. and J.K. Aronson, Adverse drug reactions: definitions, diagnosis, and management. Lancet, 2000. 356: p. 1255-9. Bandekar, M.S., S.R. Anwikar, and N.A. Kshirsagar, Quality check of spontaneous adverse drug reaction reporting forms of different countries. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 19(11): p. 1181-5. 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WHO, A practical handbook on the pharmacovigilance of medicines used in the treatment of tuberculosis: enhancing the safety of the TB patient. 2012, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland: WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication. Figueiras A, H.M., Polà ³nia J, et al., An Educational Intervention to Improve Physician Reporting of Adverse Drug Reactions: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial. JAMA, 2006. 296(9): p. 1086–1093. Bates DW, C.D., Laird N, et al., Incidence of adverse drug events and potential adverse drug events – implications for prevention. JAMA, 1995. 274: p. 307–311. Rawlins, M.D., Pharmacovigilance: paradise lost, regained or postponed? The William Withering Lecture 1994. J R Coll Physicians Lond, 1995. 29(1): p. 41-9. Al., G.J.e., Why Learn about Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR)? Am J Med, 2000. 109(2): p. 87-94. Davies, D.E.C., Emergency re-admissions to hospital due to adverse drug reactions within 1 year of the index admission. 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AKUH Pharmacy newsletter, Sep 2013, Vol.23, 02. www.ahrq.gov/qual/aderia/aderia.htm www.worstpills.org/public/page.cfm?Op_id=4‎ Lazarou, Jason, Bruce H. Pomeranz, and Paul N. Corey. Incidence of adverse drug reactions in hospitalized patients.JAMA: the journal of the American Medical Association279.15 (1998): 1200-1205. Bate, Andrew, et al. A Bayesian neural network method for adverse drug reaction signal generation.European journal of clinical pharmacology54.4 (1998): 315-321. Evans, S. J. W., P. C. Waller, and S. Davis. Use of proportional reporting ratios (prrs) for signal generation from spontaneous adverse drug reaction reports.Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety10.6 (2001): 483-486. Muehlberger N,Schneeweiss S,Hasford J. â€Å"Adverse drug reaction monitoringcost and benefit considerations. Part I: frequency of adverse drug reactions causing hospital admissions.† Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf.1997 Oct;6 Suppl 3:S71-7. Dr Emma C. Davies et al. â€Å"Emergency re-admissions to hospital due to adverse drug reactions within 1 year of the index admission†British Journal of Clinical pharmacologyvolume 70, Issue 5, Article first published online: 14 JUL 2010 Anthony R cox et al. â€Å"Assessing, managing and reporting Adverse drug reactions may better equip us to minimize medicines-related harm†, 2008 volume 18, issue-2/5 PIP Basic pharmacy skills Mar08 www.dawn.com/news/702090/drug-regulation-follows-heart-patient-deaths www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-16742832 WHO’s Pharmaceutical country profile: Pakistan. Gulamet al., 2013, â€Å"adverse drug reaction reporting system at different hospitalsof lahore, pakistan an evaluation and patient outcome analysis†, journal of applied pharmacy04(01): 713-719; January, 2013 AKUH Pharmacy newsletter, Sep 2013, Vol.23, 02 www.fda.gov/Drugs/developmentapprovalprocess/developmentresources/druginteractionslabeling/ucm114848.htm ASHP Guidelines on Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring and Reporting, www.ashp.org.